Save the Children International (SCI) is implementing a WASH project in the centrally located Kani Township of Myanmar. The project involves an integrated approach to village water scheme development, improved household sanitation and hygiene promotion.

SCI is promoting a standardised improved latrine design that comprises a sealed three-pit septic system. The pits are made from locally fabricated concrete rings that are positioned in series. The first pit provides anaerobic digestion of the effluent which reduces the environmental/nutrient load. The second pit enables aerobic digestion which reduces the pathogen load and thus reduces the public health risk. The final pit is a discharge pit. This system is more sophisticated than conventional pit latrine designs.

Households pay for the improved latrine by accessing village sanitation loans operated by Village Health Committees, the capital for which is partly subsidised by SCI. The loan terms are concessional at around 3% per month, a rate that is cheaper than local credit providers.

Households dig the three pits required for the septic system and construct the super-structure for the latrine based on their preferences and budget. Costs are contained by the fact that the Village Health Committee manages the entire value chain from loan approval to construction.

The improved latrines are appreciated, although they are considered expensive at a typical cost of USD80–100 per unit. Also, some households report issues with back-washing of effluent through the system during the flooding season.

SCI will review the technical merits/viability of the design and assess the affordability.